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Cлово "OPPRESSION"
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Часть текста: Набокова на английском языке. BBC-2, 1969 г. BBC-2 [1969] Of the fifty-eight questions James Mossman submitted on September 8, 1969, for Review, BBC-2 (October 4) some 40 were answered and recorded by me from written cards in Montreux. The Listener published the thing in an incomplete form on October 23 of that year. Printed here from my final typescript. You have said that you explored time's prison and have found no way out. Are you still exploring, and is it inevitably a solitary excursion, from which one returns to the solace of others? I'm a very poor speaker. I hope our audience won't mind my using notes. My exploration of time's prison as described in the first chapter of Speak, Memory was only a stylistic device meant to introduce my subject. Memory often presents a life broken into episodes, more or less perfectly recalled. Do you see any themes working through from one episode to another? Everyone can sort out convenient patterns of related themes in the past development of his life. Here again I had to provide pegs and echoes when furnishing my reception halls. Is the strongest tie between men this common captivity in time? Let us not generalize. The common captivity in time is felt differently by different people, and some people may not feel it at all. Generalizations are ...
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Часть текста: 1962 г. Anonymous [1962] On the morning of June 5, 1962, the Queen Elizabeth brought my wife and me from Cherbourg to New York for the film premiere of Lolita. On the day of our arrival three or four journalists interviewed me at the St. Rйgis hotel. I have a little cluster of names jotted down in my pocket diary but am not sure which, if any, refers to that group. The questions and answers were typed from my notes immediately after the interview. Interviewers do not find you a particularly stimulating person. Why is that so? I pride myself on being a person with no public appeal. I have never been drunk in my life. I never use schoolboy words of four letters. I have never worked in an office or in a coal mine. I have never belonged to any club or group. No creed or school has had any influence on me whatsoever. Nothing bores me more than political novels and the literature of social intent. Still there must be things that move you-- likes and dislikes. My loathings are simple: stupidity, oppression, crime, cruelty, soft music. My pleasures are the most intense known to man: writing and butterfly hunting. You write everything in longhand, don't you? Yes. I cannot type. Would you agree to show us a sample of your rough drafts? I'm afraid I must refuse. Only ambitious nonentities and hearty mediocrities exhibit their rough drafts. It is like passing around samples of one's sputum. Do you read many new novels? Why do you laugh? I laugh because well-meaning publishers keep sending me-- with "hope-you-will-like-it-as-much-as-we-do" letters - only one kind of fiction: novels truffled with obscenities, fancy words, and would-be weird incidents. They seem to be all by one and the same writer-- ...
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Часть текста: questions as well as the fact that a couple of consecutive pages of my typescript were apparently lost in transit. Egreto perambis doribus! With the American publication of Lolita in 1958, your fame and fortune mushroomed almost overnight from high repute among the literary cognoscenti-- which you bad enjoyed for more than 30 years-- to both acclaim and abuse as the world-renowned author of a sensational bestseller. In the aftermath of this cause celebre, do you ever regret having written Lolita? On the contrary, I shudder retrospectively when I recall that there was a moment, in 1950, and again in 1951, when I was on the point of burning Humbert Humbert's little black diary. No, I shall never regret Lolita. She was like the composition of a beautiful puzzle-- its composition and its solution at the same time, since one is a mirror view of the other, depending on the way you look. Of course she completely eclipsed my other works-- at least those I wrote in English: The Real Life of Sebastian Knight, Bend Sinister, my short stories, my book of recollections; but I cannot grudge her this. There is a queer, tender charm about that mythical nymphet. Though many readers and reviewers would disagree that her charm is tender, few would deny that it is queer-- so much so that when director Stanley Kubrick proposed his plan to make a movie of Lolita, you were quoted as saying, "Of course they'll have to change the plot. Perhaps they will make Lolita a dwarfess. Or they will make her 16 and Humbert 26. " Though you finally wrote the screenplay yourself, several reviewers took the film to task for watering down the...
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Часть текста: Набокова {345} Роман Набокова под непереводимым названием «Bend Sinister» до сих пор оставался почти исключительно в ведении специалистов по англо-саксонской литературе. Цель этого доклада — ввести роман в обиход русистики, наметив опорные точки для предстоящего подробного изучения в новом контексте. Набоков говорит о «Bend Sinister» как о своем первом американском романе [444] (по-русски он называет его «Под знаком незаконнорожденных»), и хотя в книге уже можно найти следы американского опыта, материал ее еще европейский — она как бы завершает цикл тех довоенных произведений, в которых писатель дал свой диагноз болезни века, тоталитарному мышлению и политическому устройству [445] . Вкратце напомню сюжетную основу книги. Действие происходит в вымышленной стране, бывшей монархии и кратковременной республике, где в результате бескровного переворота к власти приходит эгалитаристская партия. Герой романа Адам Круг, философ с мировым именем, потрясенный личным горем — после неудачной операции умирает его жена, — с рассеянностью наблюдает за тем, как лидер партии Среднего Человека, его бывший школьный враг Падук, превращается в диктатора, а страна — в тоталитарное государство, ведущее террор против всех, кто может представлять опасность для нового порядка. Круг думает, что слава и талант делают его неуязвимым, и не отвечает ни на угрозы, ни на заигрывания диктатуры, которая пытается привлечь его на свою сторону. Но когда с целью шантажа берут в заложники, а затем — по роковой ошибке — убивают его единственного сына, философ восстает против диктатора — и погибает от пуль охранников. С сюжетной простотой...
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Часть текста: influence of places and persons, I owe many metaphors and sensuous associations to the North Russian landscape of my boyhood, and I am also aware that my father was responsible for my appreciating very early in life the thrill of a great poem. Have you ever seriously contemplated a career other than in letters? Frankly, I never thought of letters as a career. Writing has always been for me a blend of dejection and high spirits, a torture and a pastime-- but I never expected it to be a source of income. On the other hand, I have often dreamt of a long and exciting career as an obscure curator of lepidoptera in a great museum. Which of your writings has pleased you most? I would say that of all my books Lolita has left me with the most pleasurable afterglow-- perhaps because it is the purest of all, the most abstract and carefully contrived. I am probably responsible for the odd fact that people don't seem to name their daughters Lolita any more. I have heard of young female poodles being given that name since 1956, but of no human beings. Well-wishers have tried to translate Lolita into Russian, but with such execrable results that I'm now doing a translation myself. The word "jeans," for example, is translated in Russian dictionaries as "wide, short trousers"-- a totally unsatisfactory definition. In the foreword to The Defense you allude to psychiatry. Do you think the dependence of analyzed on analysts is a great danger? I cannot conceive bow anybody in his right mind should go to a psychoanalyst, but of course if one's mind is deranged one might try anything; after all, quacks and cranks, shamans and holy men, kings and hypnotists have cured people-- especially hysterical people. Our grandsons no doubt will regard today's psychoanalysts with the same amused contempt as we do astrology and phrenology. One of the greatest pieces of charlatanic, ...
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Часть текста: attending to it whenever I had nothing better to do. On the other hand, I was urged by a war-time university in New York to complete my comparative history of French literature for English-speaking students. The first volume took me a couple of years during which I put in seldom less than fifteen hours of work daily. As I look back on those days, I see them divided tidily into ample light and narrow shade: the light pertaining to the solace of research in palatial libraries, the shade to my excruciating desires and insomnias of which enough has been said. Knowing me by now, the reader can easily imagine how dusty and hot I got, trying to catch a glimpse of nymphets (alas, always remote) playing in Central Park, and how repulsed I was by the glitter of deodorized career girls that a gay dog in one of the offices kept unloading upon me. Let us skip all that. A dreadful breakdown sent me to a sanatorium for more than a year; I went back to my workonly to be hospitalized again. Robust outdoor life seemed to promise me some relief. One of my favorite doctors, a charming cynical chap with a little brown beard, had a brother, and this brother was about to lead an expedition into arctic Canada. I was attached to it as a “recorder of psychic reactions.” With two young botanists and an old carpenter I shared now and then (never very successfully) the favors of one of our nutritionists, a Dr. Anita Johnsonwho was soon flown back, I am glad to say. I had little notion of what object the expedition was pursuing. Judging by the number of meteorologists upon it, we may have been tracking to its lair (somewhere on Prince of Wales’ Island, I understand) the...
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Часть текста: же явно пошло на ущерб. Прежний зеленый выгон сделался унылым, затоптанным загоном: редкая, утолоченная трава, пегие проплешины там и сям, у изгороди ползучий лютик и пыльный подорожник. Тут иногда играют в футбол деревенские ребята, а нужно бы это место перепахать и оставить под паром хотя бы на год, пока не покроется новым дерном. Это самое я и предлагал в 1999 году профессору Стивену Паркеру, одному из самых почтенных набоковедов, вот уже тридцать лет издающему набоковский полугодовой временник, – а именно, после столетних юбилейных съездов, докладов и неимоверного количества публикаций объявить затишье, годовой мораторий, и не печатать о Набокове вообще ничего. Все это, конечно, сочли за шутку, но я не шутил. Более того, я и теперь полагаю, что для новых серьезных занятий Набоковым временное воздержание – условие весьма желательное, пусть и недостаточное, потому что нужно заново осмыслить самое их направление и метод. Тут я прежде всего имею в виду задачу описания сочинений Набокова в их совокупности, в сочетании начал, приемов и целей этого рода искусства. Рассматривая "законы иллюзий", свящ. Павел Флоренский писал, что "целостность художественного произведения заставляет предполагать взаимную связь и обусловленность отдельных элементов его"[115]. Но ведь и обратно: согласная деятельность художественных частностей выявляет и...